政府正在推出“发薪日养老金” （Payday Super） 改革，雇主们需要提前做好准备。财政部已发布相关法律草案，计划要求雇主在发放工资的同时，也及时缴纳养老金。这项改革拟于 2026 年 7 月 1 日正式生效。

目前，雇主仍可在每个季度结束后的 28 天内缴纳养老金。而根据新规，缴纳期限将大幅缩短，雇主需要在支付员工工资后的七天内完成养老金缴付。

草案中还引入了新的术语：“合格收入”（qualifying earnings，简称 QE），主要是指员工的正常工资收入。而所谓的“QE 日”，则是指雇主向员工支付工资的当天。

如果雇主未能在 QE 日之后的七天内将养老金缴入员工账户，将需要承担养老金保证金（ superannuation guarantee charge）的责任。当然，部分情况下也有例外，比如针对新员工的两周宽限期。

改革还对利息和管理费用的计算方式进行了调整。目前适用的是固定 10% 的名义利率，未来将改为根据税务局的通用利息费率（General Interest Charge）计算。同时，每位员工每季度固定 20 澳元的管理费，也将被新公式取代，按总短缺金额和利息的 60% 进行计算。这意味着如果延迟缴款，相关成本可能会有所增加。

另外，养老金声明（SG statements）未来或将不再是强制要求，但若雇主希望申请降低行政罚款，仍需主动披露相关信息。

值得注意的是，无论养老金缴纳是按时还是逾期，相关缴付以及养老金保证金可作为税前扣除项。然而，与缴款相关的罚款则仍然不能抵扣。

草案还提出了新的罚款制度。如果养老金保证金在 28 天后仍未缴清，税务局将发出付款通知。首次违规将面临 25% 的罚款，若在 24 个月内再次违规，罚款比例将上调至 50%。与现行制度不同的是，这些罚款将不再允许减免。

为了简化流程，补缴的养老金将自动优先用于结清最早未缴的 QE 日款项。 最后，自 2026 年 7 月 1 日起，小企业养老金清算平台（Small Business Superannuation Clearing House）也将停止服务。届时，小企业将需要直接向养老金基金缴付款项，而无法继续通过清算平台操作。

皮特马丁会计师事务所 Pitt Martin Group 是一家提供税务，会计，生意咨询, 自管养老金及审计的贷款等综合性服务的经澳洲会计师公会认证的注册会计师事务所。我们每年会花上几百个小时去研究新的税法，以保证我们的客户可以最大化合理避税。我们的中文联系方式是 Robert Liu +61292213345 或邮件 info@pittmartingroup.com.au。皮特马丁会计师事务所Pitt Martin Group坐落在交通便利的悉尼市市中心，是一家拥有可以说中文合伙人的会计师事务所。我们的荣誉包括2018年CPA新州首席优秀奖， 2020年澳大利亚小生意年度冠军入围奖, 2021年澳洲知名媒体《每日会计师》年度最佳会计师事务所冠军入围奖，2022年最佳会计师事务所新人入围奖和2023香港澳大利亚商业协会最佳积极生意入围奖。

皮特马丁会计师事务所 Pitt Martin Group资质包括超过十五年的从业经验，澳大利亚注册会计师协会（CPA）执业认证会员，澳大利亚税务注册代理，新州、维州和西澳律师协会信托账户 (Trust Account) 认证审计师，澳大利亚金融贷款经纪人协会（FBAA）执业认证会员，澳大利亚证券及投资委员会注册代理，XERO, QUICKBOOKS, MYOB等会计软件授权单位及认证顾问。

本文内容仅供参考，不构成对任何个人或团体的具体情况而形成建议。任何个人或团体应该在征求专业人士的意见后方可采取行动。由于税法的时效性，我们在发布时已致力于提供及时、准确的信息，但不能保证所称述的内容在今后任然可以适用。转发该文内容请注明出处。

By Yvonne Shao @ Pitt Martin Tax

The government is moving ahead with the Payday Super reforms, and employers should start preparing. Treasury has released draft legislation proposing that employers pay superannuation at the same time as they pay salaries and wages to their employees. These changes are scheduled to take effect from 1 July 2026.

Currently, employers have up to 28 days after the end of each quarter to make their super contributions. Under the new rules, this window will be significantly shortened — employers will need to pay super within seven calendar days of paying their employees.

The draft legislation also introduces the concept of “qualifying earnings” (QE), which is generally based on ordinary time earnings. The “QE day” refers to the day an employer pays their employee’s wages.

If an employer does not ensure that contributions reach the employee’s fund within seven days of the QE day, they will become liable for the Superannuation Guarantee Charge (SGC). There are some exceptions, such as a two-week grace period for new employees.

The reforms also bring changes to how interest and administrative costs are calculated. The current flat 10% nominal interest rate will be replaced with the ATO’s General Interest Charge (GIC). Additionally, the current fixed $20 administrative fee per employee per quarter will be replaced by a variable amount — calculated at 60% of the total shortfall plus interest. In practice, this means the costs of late payments could increase.

While it’s proposed that SG statements will no longer be mandatory, employers may still need to make voluntary disclosures if they wish to access potential reductions in administrative penalties.

One positive aspect for employers is that both on-time and late contributions, as well as SGC payments, will remain tax-deductible. However, any penalties will continue to be non-deductible.

The draft also outlines a revised penalty regime for late or missed SGC payments. If the SGC remains unpaid after 28 days, the ATO will issue a notice to pay. Employers will face an initial 25% penalty, which could rise to 50% for repeat non-compliance within a 24-month period. Unlike the current system — where penalties can reach 200% but may be remitted — these new penalties will not be subject to remission.

To simplify the process of correcting late payments, any overdue contributions will automatically be applied to the earliest QE day with an outstanding shortfall.

Finally, from 1 July 2026, the Small Business Superannuation Clearing House will be phased out. Small businesses will then need to make super contributions directly to employees’ super funds, rather than using the clearing house service.

Pitt Martin Group is a CPA accounting firm, providing services including taxation, accounting, business consulting, self-managed superannuation funds, auditing and mortgage & finance. We spend hundreds of hours each year on training and researching new tax laws to ensure our clients can maximize legitimate tax benefit. Our contact information are phone +61292213345 or email info@pittmartingroup.com.au. Pitt Martin Group is located in the convenient transportation hub of Sydney’s central business district. Our honours include the 2018 CPA NSW President’s Award for Excellence, the 2020 Australian Small Business Champion Award Finalist, the 2021 Australia’s well-known media ‘Accountants Daily’ the Accounting Firm of the Year Award Finalist and the 2022 Start-up Firm of the Year Award Finalist, and the 2023 Hong Kong-Australia Business Association Business Award Finalist.

Pitt Martin Group qualifications include over fifteen years of professional experience in accounting industry, membership certification of the Australian Society of Certified Practising Accountants (CPA), Australian Taxation Registered Agents, certified External Examiner of the Law Societies of New South Wales, Victoria, and Western Australia Law Trust Accounts, membership certification of the Finance Brokers Association of Australia Limited (FBAA), Registered Agents of the Australian Securities and Investments Commission (ASIC), certified Advisor of accounting software such as XERO, QUICKBOOKS, MYOB, etc.

This content is for reference only and does not constitute advice on any individual or group’s specific situation. Any individual or group should take action only after consulting with professionals. Due to the timeliness of tax laws, we have endeavoured to provide timely and accurate information at the time of publication, but cannot guarantee that the content stated will remain applicable in the future. Please indicate the source when forwarding this content.

By Yvonne Shao @ Pitt Martin Tax

关税本质上是对进口商品征收的税款，提高商品价格并抑制贸易往来。历史上，关税常被用来保护本国工业免受外国竞争的冲击。由于进口商品变得更加昂贵，关税会减少对外国产品的需求。

在第一任期内，特朗普总统对钢铁征收了25%的关税，对铝征收了10%的关税。澳大利亚通过谈判获得了豁免，但需接受供应限制。然而，在美国市场，铝价上涨了约2.4%，钢铁价格上涨了1.6%。尽管关税看似是针对外国供应商的惩罚，但实际上成本往往由本国消费者承担，包括价格上涨和贸易减少。不过，美国经济对国际贸易的依赖程度（占GDP的24%）远低于加拿大（占GDP的67%）。

最新的美国贸易关税

特朗普在重返总统职位的前两周内，动用紧急权力实施了新的关税措施：

• 加拿大： 对进口商品额外征收25%关税，能源资源关税则降低至10%。作为回应，加拿大对农业和家庭用品类产品征收25%报复性关税。鉴于2023年加拿大77%的出口产品销往美国，这一措施带来的经济影响相当大。
• 墨西哥： 对墨西哥进口商品加征25%额外关税，墨西哥随即对美国商品采取同等报复性关税。
• 中国： 对中国进口商品加征20%额外关税。2024年，美国贸易逆差超过9000亿美元，其中中国占约2700亿美元。作为回应，中国对美国农产品（如鸡肉、小麦和棉花）征收15%关税，对乳制品、牛肉、水果等征收10%关税。此外，中国限制部分关键矿产出口，并向世界贸易组织（WTO）提出申诉。

特定行业关税及调查

• 钢铁：2025年3月12日起，原先的25%钢铁关税将全面恢复，先前与澳大利亚等国家达成的部分豁免协议不再适用。
• 铜：虽然目前未对铜征收关税，但美国政府已启动调查，以评估铜进口对国家安全的潜在威胁。
• 木材和纸制品：目前尚无相关贸易限制，但总统已下令调查木材、木制品及相关衍生产品（如纸张）进口的安全风险。
• 美国科技公司：政府对一些国家针对美国科技公司的数字服务税（DST）表示关切，并承诺将采取关税及其他措施进行报复。澳大利亚未实施DST，而是与经合组织（OECD）保持一致，遵循其数字税收改革方案。

澳大利亚会面临美国关税吗？

尽管澳大利亚对美贸易顺差较大，一般而言这会降低被征收关税的可能性，但部分行业仍可能受到波及，特别是钢铁和铝制品。美国对澳大利亚的主要出口产品包括金融服务、电信、旅游服务、专利使用费及车辆。而澳大利亚对美国的主要出口产品则是金融服务、黄金、羊肉及疫苗等。

贸易战对澳大利亚的影响

澳大利亚经济可能会因全球贸易紧张局势而受到间接影响。2023年，中国是澳大利亚最大的贸易伙伴，占澳大利亚商品和服务贸易总额的26%。如果中国因贸易战经济放缓，澳大利亚的经济增长可能受到拖累。

对于澳大利亚企业而言，主要挑战在于不确定性和市场波动。经济不稳定可能导致业务增长放缓，同时经营成本上升。依赖中国制造或供应链的企业应提前应对可能的价格上涨及供应链问题。

此外，如果美国出口市场收缩，其他贸易国家可能会寻求新的买家，从而导致市场饱和，商品价格可能下滑。面对这些变化，企业需要保持警惕并灵活调整策略，以适应不断变化的贸易环境。

皮特马丁会计师事务所 Pitt Martin Group 是一家提供税务，会计，生意咨询, 自管养老金及审计的贷款等综合性服务的经澳洲会计师公会认证的注册会计师事务所。我们每年会花上几百个小时去研究新的税法，以保证我们的客户可以最大化合理避税。我们的中文联系方式是 Robert Liu +61292213345 或邮件 info@pittmartingroup.com.au。皮特马丁会计师事务所Pitt Martin Group坐落在交通便利的悉尼市市中心，是一家拥有可以说中文合伙人的会计师事务所。我们的荣誉包括2018年CPA新州首席优秀奖， 2020年澳大利亚小生意年度冠军入围奖, 2021年澳洲知名媒体《每日会计师》年度最佳会计师事务所冠军入围奖，2022年最佳会计师事务所新人入围奖和2023香港澳大利亚商业协会最佳积极生意入围奖。

皮特马丁会计师事务所 Pitt Martin Group资质包括超过十五年的从业经验，澳大利亚注册会计师协会（CPA）执业认证会员，澳大利亚税务注册代理，新州、维州和西澳律师协会信托账户 (Trust Account) 认证审计师，澳大利亚金融贷款经纪人协会（FBAA）执业认证会员，澳大利亚证券及投资委员会注册代理，XERO, QUICKBOOKS, MYOB等会计软件授权单位及认证顾问。

本文内容仅供参考，不构成对任何个人或团体的具体情况而形成建议。任何个人或团体应该在征求专业人士的意见后方可采取行动。由于税法的时效性，我们在发布时已致力于提供及时、准确的信息，但不能保证所称述的内容在今后任然可以适用。转发该文内容请注明出处。

By Yvonne Shao @ Pitt Martin Tax

Tariffs function as taxes on imported goods, increasing their prices and discouraging trade. Historically, they have been used to shield domestic industries from foreign competition. By making imports more expensive, tariffs reduce demand for foreign products.

During his first term, President Trump introduced a 25% tariff on steel and a 10% tariff on aluminum. While Australia negotiated an exemption in exchange for supply limits, the broader effect in the U.S. was a reported 2.4% rise in aluminum prices and a 1.6% increase for steel. Though tariffs may seem like penalties for overseas suppliers, their costs are often borne domestically through higher prices and trade reductions. The U.S. economy, however, is less reliant on international trade (24% of GDP) than countries like Canada, where trade accounts for 67% of GDP.

The Latest U.S. Trade Tariffs

Within his first two weeks back in office, President Trump invoked emergency powers to impose new tariffs:

• Canada: An additional 25% tariff on imports, with energy resources facing a reduced 10% tariff. Canada responded with its own 25% tariffs on agricultural and household goods. Given that 77% of Canada’s exports went to the U.S. in 2023, the economic impact is significant.
• Mexico: A 25% additional tariff on imports from Mexico. In response, Mexico imposed an equivalent tariff on U.S. goods.
• China: A 20% additional tariff on Chinese imports. In 2024, the U.S. trade deficit exceeded $900 billion, with China accounting for $270 billion of that total. China has responded with countermeasures, including a 15% tariff on key agricultural imports like chicken, wheat, and cotton, as well as a 10% tariff on dairy, beef, and fruit. Additionally, China has restricted exports of critical minerals and lodged a complaint with the World Trade Organization.

Industry-Specific Tariffs and Investigations

• Steel: The original 25% tariff on steel imports will fully resume on March 12, 2025, ending previous exemptions negotiated with countries like Australia.
• Copper: While no tariffs have been imposed on copper, an investigation has been launched into potential national security risks associated with copper imports.
• Timber and Paper Products: No trade restrictions have been enacted yet, but the administration has ordered an inquiry into the security implications of timber, lumber, and related products.
• U.S. Tech Companies: The administration has voiced concerns over digital services taxes (DST) imposed on American tech firms by foreign governments. While Australia does not implement a DST and aligns with OECD digital tax reforms, other countries’ DST policies could trigger U.S. retaliatory tariffs.

Could Australia Face Tariffs?

Although Australia enjoys a trade surplus with the U.S., specific industries could be affected—particularly steel and aluminum. Major U.S. imports into Australia include financial services, telecommunications, travel services, royalties, and vehicles. Meanwhile, Australia exports financial services, gold, meat, transport services, and vaccines to the U.S.

Implications for Australia

Australia’s economy could feel the indirect effects of escalating trade tensions. China, Australia’s largest trading partner, accounted for 26% of the country’s total trade in 2023. If China’s economy slows due to the trade war, Australia’s growth could suffer.

For Australian businesses, the primary concerns are uncertainty and volatility. Economic instability can stifle growth while increasing costs. Companies reliant on Chinese manufacturing or supply chains should prepare for potential price hikes and logistical challenges.

Moreover, if U.S. export markets contract, other nations may seek alternative buyers, leading to potential market saturation and downward pressure on prices. Businesses must remain vigilant and adaptable in the face of these shifting trade dynamics.

Pitt Martin Group is a CPA accounting firm, providing services including taxation, accounting, business consulting, self-managed superannuation funds, auditing and mortgage & finance. We spend hundreds of hours each year on training and researching new tax laws to ensure our clients can maximize legitimate tax benefit. Our contact information are phone +61292213345 or email info@pittmartingroup.com.au. Pitt Martin Group is located in the convenient transportation hub of Sydney’s central business district. Our honours include the 2018 CPA NSW President’s Award for Excellence, the 2020 Australian Small Business Champion Award Finalist, the 2021 Australia’s well-known media ‘Accountants Daily’ the Accounting Firm of the Year Award Finalist and the 2022 Start-up Firm of the Year Award Finalist, and the 2023 Hong Kong-Australia Business Association Business Award Finalist.

Pitt Martin Group qualifications include over fifteen years of professional experience in accounting industry, membership certification of the Australian Society of Certified Practising Accountants (CPA), Australian Taxation Registered Agents, certified External Examiner of the Law Societies of New South Wales, Victoria, and Western Australia Law Trust Accounts, membership certification of the Finance Brokers Association of Australia Limited (FBAA), Registered Agents of the Australian Securities and Investments Commission (ASIC), certified Advisor of accounting software such as XERO, QUICKBOOKS, MYOB, etc.

This content is for reference only and does not constitute advice on any individual or group’s specific situation. Any individual or group should take action only after consulting with professionals. Due to the timeliness of tax laws, we have endeavoured to provide timely and accurate information at the time of publication, but cannot guarantee that the content stated will remain applicable in the future. Please indicate the source when forwarding this content.

By Yvonne Shao @ Pitt Martin Tax

近期，澳大利亚税务局（ATO）发布了关于《1936年所得税评估法案》第99B条款的指导意见，涉及非居民信托向澳大利亚居民支付分配款项的税务问题。该条款确保在大多数情况下，澳大利亚居民从此类信托中收到的支付款项将会在澳大利亚纳税，除非有特别的例外。以下是第99B条款的关键内容及其影响，受益人和受托人需要了解的事项。

什么是第99B条款？

第99B条款确保非居民信托向澳大利亚居民支付的分配款项通常在澳大利亚纳税。如果信托自成立以来曾是非居民，这条款适用的风险会更高。

第99B条款的关键条款是第99B(2)条款，它允许在分配款项来自信托的本金（非收入）时，按照一定比例减少纳税金额。但此减少仅在收入或收益由澳大利亚居民获得并被澳大利亚征税的情况下才有效。

假设居民纳税人

第99B条款的一个重要方面是讨论”假设居民纳税人“（TD 2024/9）。该假设接受分配的受益人是澳大利亚居民，无论信托的实际居民身份如何。ATO根据这一假设的居民纳税人来决定如何征税。

例如，如果一个外国信托出售了前CGT资产（即1985年之前购买的资产），并将资本增值分配给澳大利亚居民，根据第99B条款，这笔资本增值将根据第99B(2)条被完全减免。在这种情况下，不会征收资本增值税。值得注意的是，CGT折扣不适用于假设居民纳税人，因为ATO只是将其视为澳大利亚居民纳税人。

ATO对第99B条款的指导意见

ATO发布的PCG 2024/3进一步详细解释了第99B条款在不同情境下的应用。尽管这些指导意见较为概括，但它们有助于明确哪些情况被认为是低风险或高风险。

指导意见确定了两个常见的被认为低风险的情境：

1. 已故遗产
   如果去世者在去世时是非居民，其遗产分配给澳大利亚受益人，且满足以下条件，该分配可被视为低风险：
   • 财产在去世后24个月内分配给受益人。
   • 受益人收到的信托财产总值不超过200万澳元。
   • 分配款项不是来自遗嘱信托（通过遗嘱设立的信托）。
   • 提供适当的文档，如遗嘱或信托契约，证明符合条件。

如果满足这些条件，ATO认为该分配为低风险，并且不会专门审查除非发现异常情况。

2. 信托财产按商业条款使用
   如果受益人根据商业条款使用信托财产，这种情境也被认为是低风险。条件包括：
   • 协议（无论口头或书面）必须符合商业条款。
   • 受益人需按照协议向受托人支付符合商业条款的款项，如利息或租赁款。

如果协议符合商业条款，且利率和条件与市场利率一致，则视为商业条款。如果符合第7A条款的贷款条款，还可使用安全港法则。

所需的文档

受益人若想享受在申请第99B条款下的减免，必须提供适当的文档来证明分配款项的税务处理是正确的。所需文档包括：

• 签署的信托契约或已故个人的遗嘱。
• 受托人会议记录或分配声明，确认款项是从信托的本金中支付给受益人的。
• 信托的财务账户，符合相关国家的会计准则。
• 根据具体情况提供的其他文档，如银行对账单、工作文件、受托人会议记录、通信和咨询文件等。

如果受益人未能提供所需的文档，ATO将视该分配款项为应税收入，即全部金额将被纳入受益人的应纳税收入。

对于非居民信托的受托人和受益人而言，理解第99B条款对管理税务义务至关重要。始终确保提供必要的文档以支持您的税务申报，确保遵守澳大利亚税法。

皮特马丁会计师事务所 Pitt Martin Group 是一家提供税务，会计，生意咨询, 自管养老金及审计的贷款等综合性服务的经澳洲会计师公会认证的注册会计师事务所。我们每年会花上几百个小时去研究新的税法，以保证我们的客户可以最大化合理避税。我们的中文联系方式是 Robert Liu +61292213345 或邮件 info@pittmartingroup.com.au。皮特马丁会计师事务所Pitt Martin Group坐落在交通便利的悉尼市市中心，是一家拥有可以说中文合伙人的会计师事务所。我们的荣誉包括2018年CPA新州首席优秀奖， 2020年澳大利亚小生意年度冠军入围奖, 2021年澳洲知名媒体《每日会计师》年度最佳会计师事务所冠军入围奖，2022年最佳会计师事务所新人入围奖和2023香港澳大利亚商业协会最佳积极生意入围奖。

皮特马丁会计师事务所 Pitt Martin Group资质包括超过十五年的从业经验，澳大利亚注册会计师协会（CPA）执业认证会员，澳大利亚税务注册代理，新州、维州和西澳律师协会信托账户 (Trust Account) 认证审计师，澳大利亚金融贷款经纪人协会（FBAA）执业认证会员，澳大利亚证券及投资委员会注册代理，XERO, QUICKBOOKS, MYOB等会计软件授权单位及认证顾问。

本文内容仅供参考，不构成对任何个人或团体的具体情况而形成建议。任何个人或团体应该在征求专业人士的意见后方可采取行动。由于税法的时效性，我们在发布时已致力于提供及时、准确的信息，但不能保证所称述的内容在今后任然可以适用。转发该文内容请注明出处。

By Yvonne Shao @ Pitt Martin Tax

The Australian Taxation Office (ATO) has issued guidance on how Section 99B of the Income Tax Assessment Act 1936 (ITAA 1936) applies to distributions from non-resident trusts to Australian residents. This section ensures that, in most cases, Australian residents who receive payments from such trusts are taxed in Australia, unless exceptions apply. Below, we break down the key aspects of Section 99B, its implications, and what beneficiaries and trustees need to know.

What is Section 99B?

Section 99B ensures that distributions made by non-resident trusts to Australian residents are generally taxed in Australia. This section applies when the trust has been a non-resident at any point since its establishment. While the law is not specifically limited to non-resident trusts, the risk of it being applied is higher for such trusts.

A key provision of Section 99B is Section 99B(2), which allows a reduction in the amount taxed if the distribution is made from the trust’s corpus (principal), rather than income. However, this reduction only applies if the income or gains would have been taxed in Australia if derived by an Australian resident.

The Hypothetical Resident Taxpayer

A critical aspect of Section 99B is the ‘hypothetical resident taxpayer’ (TD 2024/9) of the rules. This assumes that the beneficiary receiving the distribution is an Australian resident, regardless of the trust’s actual residency status. The ATO uses this hypothetical resident taxpayer to determine how the distribution should be taxed.

For example, if a foreign trust sells a pre-CGT asset (an asset acquired before 1985, when capital gains tax was introduced) and distributes the capital gain to an Australian resident, Section 99B would reduce the capital gain under Section 99B(2). In this case, no capital gains tax would apply. Notably, the CGT discount does not apply to the hypothetical resident taxpayer, as the ATO treats them as an Australian resident taxpayer for tax purposes.

ATO’s Guidance on Section 99B

The ATO’s PCG 2024/3 provides further details on how Section 99B applies in different scenarios. While the guidelines are broad, they help clarify how low-risk and high-risk situations are treated under Section 99B.

Two common scenarios are identified where the ATO considers the risk of non-compliance to be low:

1. Deceased Estates
   If a deceased individual was a non-resident at the time of death, the distribution of their estate to Australian beneficiaries may be treated as low-risk, provided:
   • The property is distributed to the beneficiary within 24 months of death.
   • The value of the property received does not exceed $2 million.
   • The distribution is not made from a testamentary trust (created by a will).
   • Proper documentation, such as the signed will or trust deed, is provided.

If these conditions are met, the ATO considers the distribution to be low-risk and will not focus compliance efforts on it unless something unusual is detected.

2. Trust Property Used on Commercial Terms
   If a beneficiary uses trust property under commercial terms, the risk is considered low. The conditions include:
   • The agreement (whether verbal or written) must be on commercial terms.
   • The beneficiary must pay the trustee an amount that matches the commercial terms, such as interest or rental payments.

An agreement is considered on commercial terms if the rates and terms align with market rates. There is also a safe harbour for loans where interest rates and terms follow Division 7A loan standards.

Documentation Requirements

Beneficiaries must provide proper documentation to substantiate their claims for reductions under Section 99B(2). This documentation is essential for proving that the distribution is correctly taxed. Required documents include:

• Signed trust deeds or the will of the deceased person.
• Trustee minutes or distribution statements confirming that payments were made from the trust’s corpus.
• The trust’s financial accounts for relevant years, following the accounting standards of the relevant country.
• Additional case-specific documents, such as bank statements, working papers, and other relevant records.

If a beneficiary fails to provide the required documents, the ATO will treat the entire amount as assessable income, meaning the full distribution will be taxed.

For trustees and beneficiaries of non-resident trusts, understanding Section 99B is crucial for managing tax obligations. Always ensure you have the necessary documents to substantiate your claims and stay compliant with Australian tax law.

Pitt Martin Group is a CPA accounting firm, providing services including taxation, accounting, business consulting, self-managed superannuation funds, auditing and mortgage & finance. We spend hundreds of hours each year on training and researching new tax laws to ensure our clients can maximize legitimate tax benefit. Our contact information are phone +61292213345 or email info@pittmartingroup.com.au. Pitt Martin Group is located in the convenient transportation hub of Sydney’s central business district. Our honours include the 2018 CPA NSW President’s Award for Excellence, the 2020 Australian Small Business Champion Award Finalist, the 2021 Australia’s well-known media ‘Accountants Daily’ the Accounting Firm of the Year Award Finalist and the 2022 Start-up Firm of the Year Award Finalist, and the 2023 Hong Kong-Australia Business Association Business Award Finalist.

Pitt Martin Group qualifications include over fifteen years of professional experience in accounting industry, membership certification of the Australian Society of Certified Practising Accountants (CPA), Australian Taxation Registered Agents, certified External Examiner of the Law Societies of New South Wales, Victoria, and Western Australia Law Trust Accounts, membership certification of the Finance Brokers Association of Australia Limited (FBAA), Registered Agents of the Australian Securities and Investments Commission (ASIC), certified Advisor of accounting software such as XERO, QUICKBOOKS, MYOB, etc.

This content is for reference only and does not constitute advice on any individual or group’s specific situation. Any individual or group should take action only after consulting with professionals. Due to the timeliness of tax laws, we have endeavoured to provide timely and accurate information at the time of publication, but cannot guarantee that the content stated will remain applicable in the future. Please indicate the source when forwarding this content.

By Yvonne Shao @ Pitt Martin Tax

随着节日季的到来，许多企业正在规划派对和赠送礼物。然而，如何避免给澳大利亚税务局（ATO）“送礼”呢？以下是帮助你在节日规划中最大限度地进行税务优化的关键要点。

如何使员工节日派对免税或减少税负？

虽然完全避免与节日相关的税费较为困难，但你可以通过合理规划派对的形式，最大程度地减少税务成本。然而需要注意的是，如果你成功避免了缴纳附加福利税（Fringe benefits tax， 以下简称FBT），通常情况下你将无法为相关费用申请税务抵扣或商品与服务税（Goods and Services Tax, 以下简称GST）抵免。以下是具体细节：

免FBT的选项

• 办公室内派对： 在工作日于办公室内举办的派对，通常无需缴纳FBT。与派对相关的食品和饮料通常也免税。此外，从办公室出发或返回办公室的交通费用也免FBT，这对于员工在活动后需要交通安排的情况尤为有帮助。
• 办公室外派对（每人费用不超过300澳元）： 如果派对在办公室外举行，并且每位员工的费用不超过300澳元（FBT的小额福利限额），通常也无需缴纳FBT。然而，如果你避免了FBT，那么这些费用将无法申请税务抵扣或GST抵免。

涉及FBT但可抵扣的情况

• 如果你选择举办更为豪华的派对，并且每位员工的费用超过了300澳元的小额福利限额，那么你将需要缴纳FBT。但在这种情况下，你可以为这些费用申请税务抵扣和GST抵免。

送礼是否可以抵扣？

• 客户礼品： 如果赠送客户礼品的目的是为了提升业务收益，则这些礼品通常可以申请税务抵扣，因为它们被视为营销费用。然而，礼品的性质很重要。如果礼品是高尔夫活动、餐饮券等与娱乐相关的内容，则不可抵扣。
• 员工礼品： 关键是确保礼品是偶然的、非经常性的，且每次的价值低于300澳元的小额福利限额。例如，不要为同一员工提供价值超过300澳元的多份礼品，或长期的健身会员卡等，否则将触发FBT。此外，在一年内于不同时间赠送礼品，通常不会累计计算以触发FBT。

节日期间的客户宴请费用是否可抵扣？

无论是圣诞节还是其他时间，与客户的宴请费用（如食品、饮料或娱乐活动）通常不可抵扣。ATO明确规定，这类费用不属于可税务减免的业务开支，以确保纳税人不会分担你的社交成本。

在规划你的圣诞节庆祝活动时考虑税务因素，可以帮助你最大限度地管理成本。尽管想避免所有税费极其困难，但了解FBT规则、抵扣和小额优惠方面的规定，对于最终结果会带来重大差异。最后，祝您节日愉快，并且希望您的活动不仅具有节日的喜庆还可以维持较低的税务成本。

皮特马丁会计师事务所 Pitt Martin Group 是一家提供税务，会计，生意咨询, 自管养老金及审计的贷款等综合性服务的经澳洲会计师公会认证的注册会计师事务所。我们每年会花上几百个小时去研究新的税法，以保证我们的客户可以最大化合理避税。我们的中文联系方式是 Robert Liu +61292213345 或邮件 info@pittmartingroup.com.au。皮特马丁会计师事务所Pitt Martin Group坐落在交通便利的悉尼市市中心，是一家拥有可以说中文合伙人的会计师事务所。我们的荣誉包括2018年CPA新州首席优秀奖， 2020年澳大利亚小生意年度冠军入围奖, 2021年澳洲知名媒体《每日会计师》年度最佳会计师事务所冠军入围奖，2022年最佳会计师事务所新人入围奖和2023香港澳大利亚商业协会最佳积极生意入围奖。

皮特马丁会计师事务所 Pitt Martin Group资质包括超过十五年的从业经验，澳大利亚注册会计师协会（CPA）执业认证会员，澳大利亚税务注册代理，新州、维州和西澳律师协会信托账户 (Trust Account) 认证审计师，澳大利亚金融贷款经纪人协会（FBAA）执业认证会员，澳大利亚证券及投资委员会注册代理，XERO, QUICKBOOKS, MYOB等会计软件授权单位及认证顾问。

本文内容仅供参考，不构成对任何个人或团体的具体情况而形成建议。任何个人或团体应该在征求专业人士的意见后方可采取行动。由于税法的时效性，我们在发布时已致力于提供及时、准确的信息，但不能保证所称述的内容在今后任然可以适用。转发该文内容请注明出处。

By Yvonne Shao @ Pitt Martin Tax

As the festive season approaches, many businesses are planning Christmas parties and gifts. But how can you avoid giving an unexpected present to the Australian Tax Office (ATO)? Here are some key considerations for making your holiday celebrations more tax-efficient.

Can You Make Your Staff Christmas Party Tax Deductible or Tax-Free?

While completely avoiding taxes may not be possible, you can structure your festivities to minimize tax liabilities. However, keep in mind that if you avoid fringe benefits tax (FBT), you typically won’t be able to claim a tax deduction or goods and services tax (GST) credits for the expenses. Here’s how it works:

No FBT Option

• In-office parties: Hosting a Christmas party in your office during a regular workday is usually FBT-exempt for food and drinks. Taxi travel to or from the office for the party is also FBT-free, which can be helpful if employees need a safe way home.
• External venues under $300 per person: If your party is held off-site and the cost per attendee is under $300 (the minor benefit threshold), FBT generally doesn’t apply. However, you won’t be able to claim a tax deduction or GST credits for these expenses.

Tax-Deductible Option

• More extravagant celebrations: If the cost of your off-site Christmas party exceeds the $300 minor benefit threshold per person, you’ll incur FBT but can claim a tax deduction and GST credits for the expenses.

Are Client Gifts Tax Deductible?

Whether or not client gifts are tax-deductible depends on the nature of the gift and its purpose. Gifts given with the expectation of benefiting your business, such as promotional or marketing items, are deductible. However, gifts that qualify as entertainment (e.g., event tickets, meals, or golf outings) are not tax-deductible.

What About Gifts for Staff?

The key to tax-efficient staff gifts is to keep them below the $300 minor benefit threshold and ensure they are spontaneous and one-off. Gifts like cash bonuses are treated as regular income and taxed accordingly, so they’re not as tax-friendly as non-cash items.

Some tips for tax-efficient gifting:

• Avoid ongoing benefits like gym memberships.
• Don’t give multiple identical gifts to the same person that cumulatively exceed $300.
• Spread gifts throughout the year to stay within the minor benefit limits.

Are Client Lunches or Drinks Deductible?

Unfortunately, entertaining clients with meals, drinks, or other forms of entertainment is not tax-deductible, whether during Christmas or any other time of the year. The ATO takes a firm stance against subsidizing such expenses, ensuring taxpayers don’t foot the bill for your social activities.

Planning your Christmas celebrations with tax considerations in mind can help you manage costs effectively. While it’s difficult to avoid all taxes, understanding the rules around FBT, deductions, and minor benefits can make a significant difference. Happy holidays, and may your celebrations be both festive and financially savvy!

Pitt Martin Group is a CPA accounting firm, providing services including taxation, accounting, business consulting, self-managed superannuation funds, auditing and mortgage & finance. We spend hundreds of hours each year on training and researching new tax laws to ensure our clients can maximize legitimate tax benefit. Our contact information are phone +61292213345 or email info@pittmartingroup.com.au. Pitt Martin Group is located in the convenient transportation hub of Sydney’s central business district. Our honours include the 2018 CPA NSW President’s Award for Excellence, the 2020 Australian Small Business Champion Award Finalist, the 2021 Australia’s well-known media ‘Accountants Daily’ the Accounting Firm of the Year Award Finalist and the 2022 Start-up Firm of the Year Award Finalist, and the 2023 Hong Kong-Australia Business Association Business Award Finalist.

Pitt Martin Group qualifications include over fifteen years of professional experience in accounting industry, membership certification of the Australian Society of Certified Practising Accountants (CPA), Australian Taxation Registered Agents, certified External Examiner of the Law Societies of New South Wales, Victoria, and Western Australia Law Trust Accounts, membership certification of the Finance Brokers Association of Australia Limited (FBAA), Registered Agents of the Australian Securities and Investments Commission (ASIC), certified Advisor of accounting software such as XERO, QUICKBOOKS, MYOB, etc.

This content is for reference only and does not constitute advice on any individual or group’s specific situation. Any individual or group should take action only after consulting with professionals. Due to the timeliness of tax laws, we have endeavoured to provide timely and accurate information at the time of publication, but cannot guarantee that the content stated will remain applicable in the future. Please indicate the source when forwarding this content.

By Yvonne Shao @ Pitt Martin Tax

尽管今年生活成本压力有所缓解，但消费者和企业仍然感到财务紧张。在圣诞季节，谨慎规划对企业尤为重要，因为这一时期既带来机遇也伴有挑战。让我们从商业角度来探讨这一季节的关键因素。

应对季节性波动和不确定性

随着假日购物季的开始，各企业正争分夺秒，抓住圣诞假期前的最后机会。然而，圣诞节的到来打乱了正常的运营节奏，增加了业务的波动性，对计划不充分的公司而言尤其具有挑战性。

面对持续的生活成本压力，消费者们变得愈加谨慎。许多按揭房贷家庭尤其受到固定利率贷款转换为更高浮动利率的影响。虽然能源补贴和燃油价格下降提供了一些缓解，但整体通胀率，尤其是房租、保险、个人护理等服务性通胀，仍然高于目标。澳大利亚储备银行表示短期内不会降低利率，消费者希望物有所值才能放心消费。讽刺的是，如果假期消费激增，可能会推迟未来的降息，因为支出增加可能加剧通胀。然而，由于通胀水平的上涨，今年消费者即使支出更多，也仅能与去年的购买力相当。

折扣策略的两难

打折是节日期间的一大策略，但企业必须谨慎使用，了解利润率至关重要。例如，毛利率20%的企业提供15%的折扣，则需要销售额增加三倍才能维持盈亏平衡。没有妥善规划的折扣可能导致亏损，尤其是当销售额未显著增长时。

在库存过多、旧库存急需处理、或打折促销可以带动需求和吸引新顾客时，折扣策略能有效提高销量。此外，增加价值不一定依赖于直接折扣。将热门商品与低需求商品打包销售或提供数量折扣，也能在提升客户价值的同时维持利润率。

假期成本管理

圣诞节期间的运营成本通常会上涨，额外的员工、效率下降、非营业日停工以及较高的营销费用都增加了开支。虽然参与节日氛围很重要，但要避免在新年遭遇财务“宿醉”，需要有效的成本管理。如果雇佣临时员工，务必确保正确支付工资和退休金，以保持合规性。

新年现金流规划

新年初通常是业务活动减少、现金流紧张的时期。3月季度往往是现金流最紧张的季度，因此，建立现金缓冲非常必要。在假期前期不要过度承诺，以免在新年初面临资金困难。

从“吝啬鬼”身上学到的债务管理

对于与账户客户合作的企业来说，最好尽早开始跟进债务，因为许多客户在圣诞节期间也会面临现金流压力。尽早跟进逾期账单可以增加获得支付的机会，而拖延可能会错失付款，因为客户可能资金已耗尽。

圣诞高峰期的库存管理

如果假期销售旺盛，企业可能会倾向于增加库存。这种做法合理，但过量库存可能导致节后出现过剩或过多的资金被库存占用。理想情况下，与供应商合作，以便可以在短时间内补货，避免占用过多资金。此外，若某些商品在门店售罄，提供在线购买选项以确保销售不被错失。

圣诞季可以是利润丰厚的时期，但也很容易让企业在兴奋中忽略基本的运营原则。通过周密的规划、有效的成本管理以及专注于客户需求，企业可以充分利用这一假期季节，避免不必要的困难。

皮特马丁会计师事务所 Pitt Martin Group 是一家提供税务，会计，生意咨询, 自管养老金及审计的贷款等综合性服务的经澳洲会计师公会认证的注册会计师事务所。我们每年会花上几百个小时去研究新的税法，以保证我们的客户可以最大化合理避税。我们的中文联系方式是 Robert Liu +61292213345 或邮件 info@pittmartingroup.com.au。皮特马丁会计师事务所Pitt Martin Group坐落在交通便利的悉尼市市中心，是一家拥有可以说中文合伙人的会计师事务所。我们的荣誉包括2018年CPA新州首席优秀奖， 2020年澳大利亚小生意年度冠军入围奖, 2021年澳洲知名媒体《每日会计师》年度最佳会计师事务所冠军入围奖，2022年最佳会计师事务所新人入围奖和2023香港澳大利亚商业协会最佳积极生意入围奖。

皮特马丁会计师事务所 Pitt Martin Group资质包括超过十五年的从业经验，澳大利亚注册会计师协会（CPA）执业认证会员，澳大利亚税务注册代理，新州、维州和西澳律师协会信托账户 (Trust Account) 认证审计师，澳大利亚金融贷款经纪人协会（FBAA）执业认证会员，澳大利亚证券及投资委员会注册代理，XERO, QUICKBOOKS, MYOB等会计软件授权单位及认证顾问。

本文内容仅供参考，不构成对任何个人或团体的具体情况而形成建议。任何个人或团体应该在征求专业人士的意见后方可采取行动。由于税法的时效性，我们在发布时已致力于提供及时、准确的信息，但不能保证所称述的内容在今后任然可以适用。转发该文内容请注明出处。

By Yvonne Shao @ Pitt Martin Tax

While cost-of-living pressures have slightly eased this year, consumers and businesses alike continue to feel financial strain, making careful planning essential for companies navigating the holiday season. Christmas can bring both opportunities and challenges for businesses, so let’s explore what “makes or breaks” the season from a business perspective.

Managing Seasonal Disruption and Volatility

The holiday rush is underway, and as businesses race to capture any remaining opportunities before the Christmas slowdown, many find themselves grappling with dislocation and unpredictability. Christmas disrupts regular operations, creating periods of volatility that are challenging for businesses to manage without thorough planning.

Consumers, facing ongoing living cost pressures, are particularly cautious. Many households with mortgages are feeling the pinch as fixed-rate loans roll over into higher variable rates. Although energy subsidies and lower fuel costs offer some respite, overall inflation—especially for services like rent, insurance, and personal care—remains above target. The Reserve Bank of Australia has hinted that interest rate reductions are still some way off, so consumers are seeking value for every dollar they spend. Ironically, if spending spikes this season, it may delay future rate cuts, as increased spending can further fuel inflation. However, given inflation, consumers will naturally spend more this year just to match last year’s buying power.

The Discount Dilemma

Discounting remains a key strategy during the holiday season, but businesses must approach it carefully. Knowing your profit margins is essential before offering discounts. For instance, a 20% gross profit margin business offering a 15% discount would need to triple sales volume just to break even. Without careful planning, discounts may lead to losses if sales don’t increase significantly.

Discounting works best when you have excess stock, older inventory that needs to move, or if it generates demand and attracts new customers. Value doesn’t always have to come from direct discounts; bundling products can be more profitable. Packaging high-demand items with lower-demand stock or offering quantity discounts can create value for customers without eroding profits.

Holiday Cost Management

Operating costs often rise around Christmas, with increased staffing, reduced efficiency, downtime on non-trading days, and higher marketing expenses. While it’s essential to embrace the season, careful cost management is necessary to avoid a financial “hangover” in the New Year. If hiring casual employees, ensure they’re paid correctly, including superannuation contributions, to stay compliant.

Planning for New Year Cash Flow

The start of the New Year can bring reduced business activity and tight cash flow. Historically, the March quarter tends to be the hardest quarter for cash flow, so building a buffer is essential. Overextending during the holiday rush may lead to issues in the quieter months ahead.

Lessons from Scrooge: Managing Debts

For businesses working with account customers, it’s wise to start debt collection efforts early, as many clients may face financial pressure during the holiday season. Early follow-ups on overdue accounts increase the chances of getting paid, while waiting could mean missed payments if clients run out of cash.

Inventory Management for the Christmas Rush

If holiday sales are booming, businesses may feel tempted to stock up. While this makes sense, overstocking can lead to excess post-holiday inventory or too much cash tied up in stock. Instead, aim to work with suppliers who can provide goods on short notice to avoid tying up funds. Additionally, if items are out of stock in-store, offer customers online options to complete sales, ensuring no missed opportunities.

While Christmas can be a profitable time, it’s easy to get caught up in the excitement and overlook essential business practices. With careful planning, effective cost management, and a focus on customer needs, businesses can make the most of the holiday season without unnecessary setbacks.

Pitt Martin Group is a CPA accounting firm, providing services including taxation, accounting, business consulting, self-managed superannuation funds, auditing and mortgage & finance. We spend hundreds of hours each year on training and researching new tax laws to ensure our clients can maximize legitimate tax benefit. Our contact information are phone +61292213345 or email info@pittmartingroup.com.au. Pitt Martin Group is located in the convenient transportation hub of Sydney’s central business district. Our honours include the 2018 CPA NSW President’s Award for Excellence, the 2020 Australian Small Business Champion Award Finalist, the 2021 Australia’s well-known media ‘Accountants Daily’ the Accounting Firm of the Year Award Finalist and the 2022 Start-up Firm of the Year Award Finalist, and the 2023 Hong Kong-Australia Business Association Business Award Finalist.

Pitt Martin Group qualifications include over fifteen years of professional experience in accounting industry, membership certification of the Australian Society of Certified Practising Accountants (CPA), Australian Taxation Registered Agents, certified External Examiner of the Law Societies of New South Wales, Victoria, and Western Australia Law Trust Accounts, membership certification of the Finance Brokers Association of Australia Limited (FBAA), Registered Agents of the Australian Securities and Investments Commission (ASIC), certified Advisor of accounting software such as XERO, QUICKBOOKS, MYOB, etc.

This content is for reference only and does not constitute advice on any individual or group’s specific situation. Any individual or group should take action only after consulting with professionals. Due to the timeliness of tax laws, we have endeavoured to provide timely and accurate information at the time of publication, but cannot guarantee that the content stated will remain applicable in the future. Please indicate the source when forwarding this content.

By Yvonne Shao @ Pitt Martin Tax